ZeldaMods (Breath of the Wild)

Havok

Revision as of 18:26, 17 January 2019 by imported>Zephenryus (→‎Havok File Specification: Added section header details)

Havok is a middleware software suite developed by the Irish company Havok. Havok provides a physics engine component and related functions to video games.

On September 14, 2007, Intel announced it had signed a definitive agreement to acquire Havok Inc.[1] In 2008, Havok was honored at the 59th Annual Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards for advancing the development of physics engines in electronic entertainment. On October 2, 2015, Microsoft announced it had acquired Havok.[2]


Products

The Havok middleware suite consists of the following modules:[3]

  • Havok Physics: It is designed primarily for video games, and allows for real-time collision and dynamics of rigid bodies in three dimensions. It provides multiple types of dynamic constraints between rigid bodies (e.g. for ragdoll physics), and has a highly optimized collision detection library. By using dynamical simulation, Havok Physics allows for more realistic virtual worlds in games. The company was developing a specialized version of Havok Physics called Havok FX that made use of ATI and NVIDIA GPUs for physics simulations;[4] however, the goal of GPU acceleration did not materialize until several years later.[5]
  • Havok AI: In 2009, Havok released Havok AI, which provides advanced pathfinding capabilities for games. Havok AI provides navigation mesh generation, pathfinding and path following for video game environments.
  • Havok Cloth: Released in 2008, Havok Cloth deals with efficient simulation of character garments and soft body dynamics.
  • Havok Destruction: Also released in 2008, Havok Destruction provides tools for creation of destructible and deformable rigid body environments.
  • Havok Animation Studio (discontinued): Havok Animation Studio is formally known as Havok Behavior and Havok Animation. Havok Behavior is a runtime SDK for controlling game character animation at a high level using finite state machines. Havok Animation provides efficient playback and compression of character animations in games, and features such as inverse kinematics.
  • Havok Script (discontinued): Havok Script is a Lua-compatible virtual machine designed for video game development. It is shipped as part of the Havok Script Studio.
  • Havok Vision Engine (discontinued): On August 8, 2011, Havok announced their acquisition of German game engine development company Trinigy and their Vision Engine and toolset.

Usage

Breath of the Wild uses the Havok Physics, Havok AI and Havok Cloth.

File Extensions
Extension Product Description Locations
hknm2 Havok AI Navigation meshes (used by AI for path finding) NavMesh/
hkrb Havok Physics Rigid body physics Physics/RigidBody/
hkcl Havok Cloth Cloth physics Physics/Cloth/
hkrg Havok Physics Rag doll physics Physics/Ragdoll/
hksc Havok Physics Static compound physics Physics/StaticCompound/
hktmrb Havok Physics Terrain mesh rigid body physics Physics/TeraMeshRigidBody/

File Types

hknm2

hkrb

hkcl

hkrg

hksc

hktmrb

Havok File Specification

Havok files serve as a data container for multiple Havok classes per file and sometimes multiple Havok files per file[6]. The class names are defined in each file.

Note that this specification only applies to version 2014.2.0-r1

File Structure

 
File structure

Each file contains a header and three sections: classnames, types and data

classnames

The classnames section (__classnames__ internally) contains a list of Havok classes used by the file to correctly decompile the binary data into a usable data structure.

types

The types section (__types__ internally) does not appear to be used by Breath of the Wild.

data

the data section (__data__ internally) contains binary data to be serialized into Havok data structures for use by the Havok engine.

Header

The header seems to have a 16-byte alignment and can be 64-bytes (short header) or 80-bytes (long header) in length, depending on if Unknown 13 equals 0 (short header) or 16 (long header).

Header Specification
Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 8 Bytes Havok file signature (magic) 57 E0 E0 57 10 C0 C0 10
0x08 4 Unsigned Int Unknown 00 (always 0; possibly padding)
0x0c 4 Unsigned Int Unknown 01 (always 11)
0x10 1 Byte Unknown 02 (always 4)
0x11 1 Byte Unknown 03 (always 0)
0x12 1 Byte Unknown 04 (always 0)
0x13 1 Byte Unknown 05 (always 1)
0x14 4 Unsigned Int Unknown 06 (always 3)
0x18 4 Unsigned Int Unknown 07 (always 2)
0x1c 4 Unsigned Int Unknown 08 (always 0)
0x20 4 Unsigned Int Unknown 09 (always 0)
0x24 4 Unsigned Int Unknown 10 (always 75)
0x28 16 String Havok version hk_2014.2.0-r1 for BotW files
0x38 4 Unsigned Int Unknown 11 (always 0; possibly padding)
0x3c 2 Short Unknown 12 (always 21)
0x3e 2 Short Unknown 13 (0 or 16; if 16, the header is 16 bytes longer)

Optional Header Bytes

There are optional header bytes for a long header. If Unknown 13 equals 16, an additional 16 bytes are added to the header for a total of 80 bytes.

Optional Header Bytes
Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x40 2 Short Unknown 14 (always 20)
0x42 2 Short Unknown 15 (always 0; possibly padding)
0x44 4 Int Unknown 16 (always 0; probably padding for alignment)
0x48 4 Int Unknown 17 (always 0; probably padding for alignment)
0x4c 4 Int Unknown 18 (always 0; probably padding for alignment)

Section Headers

 
FF bytes indicate section header boundaries

Each section has a 64-byte header which includes the section name, absolute offset to the section start and six relative offsets to segments within the section. All three section headers follow the file header and are delimited by 16 ff bytes.

Section Header Specification
Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 20 String Section name
0x14 4 Unsigned Int Absolute offset
0x18 4 Unsigned Int Relative offset 1
0x1c 4 Unsigned Int Relative offset 2
0x20 4 Unsigned Int Relative offset 3
0x24 4 Unsigned Int Relative offset 4
0x28 4 Unsigned Int Relative offset 5
0x2c 4 Unsigned Int Relative offset 6

Section Name

There are only three section names: __classnames__, __types__ and __data__. The section name is a null-terminated string with a delimiter byte of FF in byte 20.

Absolute Offset

The absolute offset to the section.

Relative Offsets

The relative offsets point to different large structures within the section. There are usually a few unique offsets and then multiple duplicated offsets. It is unknown if only unique offsets are significant at this time.

For example, given the following section header: 

5F 5F 64 61 74 61 5F 5F 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | __data__........
00 00 00 FF 00 00 01 60 00 00 3C 00 00 00 3C 10 | .......`..<...<.
00 00 3C 10 00 00 3C 20 00 00 3C 20 00 00 3C 20 | ..<...< ..< ..< 
FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF | ................

The section name is __data__. The absolute offset is 0x160 with the relative offsets

  • 0x3c00
  • 0x3c10
  • 0x3c10
  • 0x3c20
  • 0x3c20
  • 0x3c20
  1. ↑ Intel To Acquire Havok
  2. ↑ Havok to join Microsoft
  3. ↑ Product Overview
  4. ↑ Havok Intros Havok FX Engine to Compute Physics Effects on GPUs
  5. ↑ Havok Physics Playstation 4 Demo
  6. ↑ Static Compound files (hksc) include two Havok file definitions. The first file defines StaticCompoundInfo and the second defines hkpPhysicsData (which includes hkpRigidBody, hkpStaticCompoundShape, hkpBvCompressedMeshShape, hkpConvexVerticesShape, et. al.).
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