TSCB: Difference between revisions

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'''T'''errain '''sc'''ene '''b'''inary (TSCB) files describe terrain areas layout and terrain materials.
'''T'''errain '''sc'''ene '''b'''inary (TSCB) files describe terrain areas layout and terrain materials.
</onlyinclude>
</onlyinclude>
== TSCB File Specification ==


=== Header ===
==TSCB File Specification==
 
===Header===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Offset (h)
!Offset (h)
Line 11: Line 12:
!Description
!Description
|-
|-
|0x00
|<code>0x00</code>
|4
|4
|String
|String
|TSCB file signature (magic) <code>54 53 43 42</code> or "TSCB"
|TSCB file signature (magic) <code>54 53 43 42</code> or "TSCB"
|-
|-
|0x04
|<code>0x04</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|TSCB version? <code>0A 00 00 00</code> or "10.0.0.0"<ref>U-King.elf:0x024D2F8C-0x024D300A holds two error messages: "【データロード】メジャーバージョンの不一致" ("[Data load] Major version mismatch") and "【データロード】マイナーバージョンの不一致" ("[Data Load] Minor version mismatch")</ref><ref>Game crashes on load screen if not equal to <code>0A 00 00 00</code></ref>
|TSCB version? <code>0A 00 00 00</code> or "10.0.0.0"<ref>U-King.elf:0x024D2F8C-0x024D300A holds two error messages: "【データロード】メジャーバージョンの不一致" ("[Data load] Major version mismatch") and "【データロード】マイナーバージョンの不一致" ("[Data Load] Minor version mismatch")</ref><ref>Game crashes on load screen if not equal to <code>0A 00 00 00</code></ref>
|-
|-
|0x08
|<code>0x08</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Always <code>00 00 00 01</code>. Game crashes on load screen if not equal to <code>00 00 00 01</code>.
|Unknown. Always <code>00 00 00 01</code>. Game crashes on load screen if not equal to <code>00 00 00 01</code>.
|-
|-
|0x0c
|<code>0x0c</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|file_base table relative offset
|<code>file_base</code> Offset to the basename (filename without extension) table
|-
|-
|0x10
|<code>0x10</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|<code>world_scale</code> <code>500.0</code>. Scales the terrain along the x- and z-axis.
|<code>world_scale</code> <code>500.0</code>. Scales the terrain along the x- and z-axis.
|-
|-
|0x14
|<code>0x14</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|Terrain mesh altitude <code>800.0</code>. Moves the terrain along the y-axis (vertically).
|Terrain mesh max height <code>800.0</code>. Used to calculate the actual vertex height with [[HGHT|hght]] data.
|-
|-
|0x18
|<code>0x18</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|material_info_array length (number of elements in the array)
|<code>material_info_array</code> length (number of elements in the array)
|-
|-
|0x1c
|<code>0x1c</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|area_array length (number of elements in the array)
|<code>area_array</code> length (number of elements in the array)
|-
|-
|0x20
|<code>0x20</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Probably padding
|Probably padding
|-
|-
|0x24
|<code>0x24</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Probably padding
|Probably padding
|-
|-
|0x28
|<code>0x28</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|Tile size. Used by the area array.
|<code>tile_size</code>. Used by the area array.
|-
|-
|0x2c
|<code>0x2c</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown <code>00 00 00 08</code>. <ref>Values <code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>4</code>, <code>5</code>, <code>6</code>, <code>8</code> affects textures. <code>0</code>, <code>3</code>, <code>7</code>, <code>15</code>, <code>16</code> will crash the game.</ref>
|Unknown <code>00 00 00 08</code>. <ref>Values <code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>4</code>, <code>5</code>, <code>6</code>, <code>8</code>, <code>9</code>, <code>10</code>, <code>13</code>, <code>14</code> affects textures. <code>0</code>, <code>3</code>, <code>7</code>, <code>11</code>, <code>12</code>, <code>15</code>, <code>16</code> will crash the game.</ref>
|}
|}


== Material Information Array ==
==Material Information Array==
The material information array references texture data contained in <code>content/Model/Terrain.Tex1.sbfres</code>.


=== Header ===
===Header===
The material information header is one value, the section size. This includes the index table and the value table.
The material information header is one value, the section size. This includes the index table and the value table, as well as itself.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Offset (h)
!Offset (h)
Line 82: Line 84:
!Description
!Description
|-
|-
|0x00
|<code>0x00</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
Line 88: Line 90:
|}
|}


=== Material Information Array Lookup Table ===
===Material Information Array Lookup Table===
Following the header is a table of relative offsets to each entry in <code>material_info_array</code>
Following the header is a table of relative offsets to each entry in <code>material_info_array</code>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 96: Line 98:
!Description
!Description
|-
|-
|0x00
|<code>0x00</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Relative offset to array entry
|Offset to array entry, relative to the first byte of this offset
|}
|}


=== Material Information Value Table ===
===Material Information Value Table===
Each entry in the array contains an index and four attributes
Each entry in the array contains an index and four attributes
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 110: Line 112:
!Description
!Description
|-
|-
|0x00
|<code>0x00</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Array index (<code>mat_index</code>) of <code>material_info_array</code>
|Array index (<code>mat_index</code>) of <code>material_info_array</code>
|-
|-
|0x04
|<code>0x04</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|Texture u-axis (x-axis)
|Texture u-axis (x-axis)
|-
|-
|0x08
|<code>0x08</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|Texture v-axis (y-axis)
|Texture v-axis (y-axis)
|-
|-
|0x0c
|<code>0x0c</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|Unknown. values range from 0-1.
|Unknown. values range from 0-1.
|-
|-
|0x10
|<code>0x10</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
Line 136: Line 138:
|}
|}


== Area Array ==
==Area Array==


=== Area Array Lookup Table ===
===Area Array Lookup Table===
Following the material information section is a table of relative offsets to each entry in area_array
Following the material information section is a table of relative offsets to each entry in area_array
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 146: Line 148:
!Description
!Description
|-
|-
|0x00
|<code>0x00</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Relative offset to array entry
|Offset to array entry, relative to the first byte of this offset
|}
|}


=== Area Array Value Table ===
===Area Array Value Table===
Each entry contains meta data for one tile in the terrain scene. There are multiple levels of detail (LOD) for the terrain.
Each entry contains meta data for one tile in the terrain scene. There are multiple levels of detail (lod) for the terrain.


Entries range from 0x30 to 0x54 depending on the size of extra_info_array
Entry size ranges from <code>0x30</code> to <code>0x58</code> depending on the size of <code>extra_info_array</code>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Offset (h)
!Offset (h)
Line 162: Line 164:
!Description
!Description
|-
|-
|0x00
|<code>0x00</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|X Position
|X Position
|-
|-
|0x04
|<code>0x04</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|Z Position
|Z Position
|-
|-
|0x08
|<code>0x08</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|Scale?
|<code>area_size</code> (length and width)
|-
|-
|0x0c
|<code>0x0c</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|area_min_height_ground
|Minimum Terrain Height - ranges from 0 to 1
|-
|-
|0x10
|<code>0x10</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|area_max_height_ground
|Maximum Terrain Height - ranges from 0 to 1
|-
|-
|0x14
|<code>0x14</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|area_min_height_water
|Minimum Water Height - ranges from 0 to 1
|-
|-
|0x18
|<code>0x18</code>
|4
|4
|Float
|Float
|area_max_height_water
|Maximum Water Height - ranges from 0 to 1
|-
|-
|0x1c
|<code>0x1c</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Usually 0, 1 or 2
|Unknown. Usually <code>0</code>, <code>1</code> or <code>2</code>, crashes on <code>4</code>, <code>16</code>.<ref>May be a flag for grass and water? <code>0</code> seems to indicate no water or grass.</ref>
|-
|-
|0x20
|<code>0x20</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|file_base. Relative offset to file base name string
|<code>file_base</code>. Offset to the basename string relative to the current tile entry
|-
|-
|0x24
|<code>0x24</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Usually 0.
|Unknown. Usually <code>0</code>.
|-
|-
|0x28
|<code>0x28</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Usually 0.
|Unknown. Usually <code>0</code>.
|-
|-
|0x2c
|<code>0x2c</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|ref_extra. It seems to be a flag to indicate if there is an attached extra_info_array
|<code>ref_extra</code>. It seems to be a flag to indicate if there is an attached <code>extra_info_array</code>
|}
|}


=== Extra Information Array ===
====Parameters====
if ref_extra does not equal 0 there is an extra_info_array attached to this area. The array is 4 or 8 values long.
<code>x</code> - Area tile x coordinate (East-West)


Every area includes a .hght and .mate file. The extra_info_array indicates if there is an additional .water.extm and / or .grass.extm file
<code>z</code> - Area tile z coordinate (North-South)
<code>area_size</code> - Determines the length and width of the area. It can be calculated with:<blockquote><code>(area_size / tile_size * world_scale) * 20</code></blockquote><code>tile_size</code> and <code>world_scale</code> are in the header.
 
===Extra Information Array===
if <code>ref_extra</code> does not equal <code>0</code> there is an <code>extra_info_array</code> attached to this area. The array is 4 or 8 values long.
 
Every area includes a [[HGHT|.hght]] and [[MATE|.mate]] file. Entries in the <code>extra_info_array</code> indicate if there is an additional [[Water.extm|.water.extm]] and / or [[Grass.extm|.grass.extm]] file to look for.
 
===Terrain and Water Height===
0x0c through 0x18 are used to determine what height range the terrain and water should render within. This is possibly used to assist with occlusion. If the heightmap moves outside of the range defined here, there will be visual artefacts present at higher viewing angles, usually between 45 and 90 degrees. The range value is multiplied by the max height defined in the TSCB header to determine the final value in 'real' co-ordinates.
 
====Header====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Offset (h)
!Offset (h)
Line 233: Line 246:
!Description
!Description
|-
|-
|0x30
|<code>0x00</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|extra_info_array length. Number of elements in array.
|extra_info_array length. Number of values (not elements) in array.
|-
|-
|0x34
|<code>(0x04)</code>
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Usually 20 or 3.
|Unknown. Always 20, but only present when extra_info_array length is 8.
|}
 
====Extra Information Array Value Table====
After the Header, there are <code>extra_info_array length / 4</code> elements of this structure.
Elements act as flags for presence of [[Water.extm|.water.extm]] or [[Grass.extm|.grass.extm]] files.
A "water" element indicates that there is water data for the terrain section defined in a [[Water.extm|.water.extm]] file. A "grass" element similarly indicates the presence of a [[Grass.extm|.grass.extm]] file.
Grass and water are referenced via the <code>extra_info_array</code> because presence water and grass data for any given terrain area is optional.
{| class="wikitable"
!Offset (h)
!Size
!Data Type
!Description
|-
|-
|0x38
|0x00
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Usually 0, 1 or 3.
|Unknown. Always 3.
|-
|-
|0x3c
|0x04
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Usually 0 or 1.
|Unknown. 0 or 1.
|-
|-
|0x40
|0x08
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Usually 0 or 1.
|Unknown. Always 1.
|-
|-
|0x44
|0x0c
|4
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Always 0.
|Unknown. Always 0.
|-
|0x48
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Always 3
|-
|0x4c
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Usually 0 or 1.
|-
|0x50
|4
|Unsigned Int
|Unknown. Always 1.
|}
|}
  [20, 3, 0, 1, 0, 3, 1, 1] = water, grass
  [3, 0, 1, 0, 3, 1, 1, 0] = grass, water
  [20, 3, 1, 1, 0, 3, 0, 1] = water, grass
  [3, 1, 1, 0, 3, 0, 1, 0] = water, grass
  [ 3, 1, 1, 0]            = water
  [3, 1, 1, 0]            = water
  [ 3, 0, 1, 0]            = grass
  [3, 0, 1, 0]            = grass
It seems that water is <code>[3, 1, 1]</code> and grass is <code>[3, 0, 1]</code>


==<code>stera</code> File Positions==
[[File:Stera_File_Positions.png|alt=stera File Positions|thumb|<code>stera</code> File Positions]]
<code>stera</code> files referenced in the area array are positioned using a [[wikipedia:Z-order_curve|z-order curve]] or the [[wikipedia:Moser–de_Bruijn_sequence|Moser-de Bruijn sequence]].
<references />
<references />
[[Category:File formats]]
[[Category:File formats]]
[[Category:File extensions]]
[[Category:File extensions (STERA)]]

Latest revision as of 19:50, 25 July 2025

Terrain scene binary (TSCB) files describe terrain areas layout and terrain materials.


TSCB File Specification

Header

Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 4 String TSCB file signature (magic) 54 53 43 42 or "TSCB"
0x04 4 Unsigned Int TSCB version? 0A 00 00 00 or "10.0.0.0"[1][2]
0x08 4 Unsigned Int Unknown. Always 00 00 00 01. Game crashes on load screen if not equal to 00 00 00 01.
0x0c 4 Unsigned Int file_base Offset to the basename (filename without extension) table
0x10 4 Float world_scale 500.0. Scales the terrain along the x- and z-axis.
0x14 4 Float Terrain mesh max height 800.0. Used to calculate the actual vertex height with hght data.
0x18 4 Unsigned Int material_info_array length (number of elements in the array)
0x1c 4 Unsigned Int area_array length (number of elements in the array)
0x20 4 Unsigned Int Probably padding
0x24 4 Unsigned Int Probably padding
0x28 4 Float tile_size. Used by the area array.
0x2c 4 Unsigned Int Unknown 00 00 00 08. [3]

Material Information Array

The material information array references texture data contained in content/Model/Terrain.Tex1.sbfres.

Header

The material information header is one value, the section size. This includes the index table and the value table, as well as itself.

Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 4 Unsigned Int Material info section size in bytes

Material Information Array Lookup Table

Following the header is a table of relative offsets to each entry in material_info_array

Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 4 Unsigned Int Offset to array entry, relative to the first byte of this offset

Material Information Value Table

Each entry in the array contains an index and four attributes

Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 4 Unsigned Int Array index (mat_index) of material_info_array
0x04 4 Float Texture u-axis (x-axis)
0x08 4 Float Texture v-axis (y-axis)
0x0c 4 Float Unknown. values range from 0-1.
0x10 4 Float Unknown. values range from 0.2-1.63

Area Array

Area Array Lookup Table

Following the material information section is a table of relative offsets to each entry in area_array

Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 4 Unsigned Int Offset to array entry, relative to the first byte of this offset

Area Array Value Table

Each entry contains meta data for one tile in the terrain scene. There are multiple levels of detail (lod) for the terrain.

Entry size ranges from 0x30 to 0x58 depending on the size of extra_info_array

Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 4 Float X Position
0x04 4 Float Z Position
0x08 4 Float area_size (length and width)
0x0c 4 Float Minimum Terrain Height - ranges from 0 to 1
0x10 4 Float Maximum Terrain Height - ranges from 0 to 1
0x14 4 Float Minimum Water Height - ranges from 0 to 1
0x18 4 Float Maximum Water Height - ranges from 0 to 1
0x1c 4 Unsigned Int Unknown. Usually 0, 1 or 2, crashes on 4, 16.[4]
0x20 4 Unsigned Int file_base. Offset to the basename string relative to the current tile entry
0x24 4 Unsigned Int Unknown. Usually 0.
0x28 4 Unsigned Int Unknown. Usually 0.
0x2c 4 Unsigned Int ref_extra. It seems to be a flag to indicate if there is an attached extra_info_array

Parameters

x - Area tile x coordinate (East-West)

z - Area tile z coordinate (North-South)

area_size - Determines the length and width of the area. It can be calculated with:

(area_size / tile_size * world_scale) * 20

tile_size and world_scale are in the header.

Extra Information Array

if ref_extra does not equal 0 there is an extra_info_array attached to this area. The array is 4 or 8 values long.

Every area includes a .hght and .mate file. Entries in the extra_info_array indicate if there is an additional .water.extm and / or .grass.extm file to look for.

Terrain and Water Height

0x0c through 0x18 are used to determine what height range the terrain and water should render within. This is possibly used to assist with occlusion. If the heightmap moves outside of the range defined here, there will be visual artefacts present at higher viewing angles, usually between 45 and 90 degrees. The range value is multiplied by the max height defined in the TSCB header to determine the final value in 'real' co-ordinates.

Header

Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 4 Unsigned Int extra_info_array length. Number of values (not elements) in array.
(0x04) 4 Unsigned Int Unknown. Always 20, but only present when extra_info_array length is 8.

Extra Information Array Value Table

After the Header, there are extra_info_array length / 4 elements of this structure. Elements act as flags for presence of .water.extm or .grass.extm files. A "water" element indicates that there is water data for the terrain section defined in a .water.extm file. A "grass" element similarly indicates the presence of a .grass.extm file. Grass and water are referenced via the extra_info_array because presence water and grass data for any given terrain area is optional.

Offset (h) Size Data Type Description
0x00 4 Unsigned Int Unknown. Always 3.
0x04 4 Unsigned Int Unknown. 0 or 1.
0x08 4 Unsigned Int Unknown. Always 1.
0x0c 4 Unsigned Int Unknown. Always 0. 
[3, 0, 1, 0, 3, 1, 1, 0] = grass, water
[3, 1, 1, 0, 3, 0, 1, 0] = water, grass
[3, 1, 1, 0]             = water
[3, 0, 1, 0]             = grass

It seems that water is [3, 1, 1] and grass is [3, 0, 1]

stera File Positions

stera File Positions
stera File Positions

stera files referenced in the area array are positioned using a z-order curve or the Moser-de Bruijn sequence.

  1. ↑ U-King.elf:0x024D2F8C-0x024D300A holds two error messages: "【データロード】メジャーバージョンの不一致" ("[Data load] Major version mismatch") and "【データロード】マイナーバージョンの不一致" ("[Data Load] Minor version mismatch")
  2. ↑ Game crashes on load screen if not equal to 0A 00 00 00
  3. ↑ Values 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14 affects textures. 0, 3, 7, 11, 12, 15, 16 will crash the game.
  4. ↑ May be a flag for grass and water? 0 seems to indicate no water or grass.
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